reality

Reconstructing Reality

What exactly is the relationship between evolution and reality? Galileo Galilei claimed that tastes, smells, colors, and so on, reside in the consciousness. If the living creature experiencing these senses was removed, these qualities would not exist. Now, this is a bit similar to the, “if a tree falls in a forest, but no one is there to hear it, did it really make a sound?” question regarding reality.

It is a bit selfish of us to say that something cannot exist if it is not perceived. Millions of phenomena occur around us that we are not aware of without the help of technology. So, therefore, there must be an unobserved world out there that our evolution has not permitted us to experience.

Defining Experienced Reality

Donald Hoffman, a cognitive scientist and professor at the University of California, has a radical view of the divide between evolution and reality. In his viral TedTalk, he discusses his theory which states that species who “see” reality are just as fit as species who don’t (“fit” in relation to “physically fit” in evolution terms). It’s being fitness-tuned, not reality-tuned, that matters. After all, when you come across a snake in the woods, what your brain needs to tell you is to run away, not what the organization of neurons to make the snake is.

22be2261826677dde4236af2acef2422-copyBasically, evolution doesn’t care if you objectively perceive reality, it only wants you to survive, and your world is tuned to making that happen to the best of your ability.

Perhaps perceptions, at root level, have nothing to do with fundamental physics and reality, thus forming a broken link between the two. Scientists are sure that there is a world separate from us that evolution doesn’t give us access to (because, I mean, if we have perceived all that there is in the universe, that would be awfully boring), and that our consciousness and interactions shape the reality we experience. Perception is reality, right?

Whether or not Hoffman’s theory is correct, he poses an interesting concept. The universe clearly doesn’t revolve around us, we know that much, but to think that our evolution, our DNA that makes up who we are, could be responsible for the distortion of our reality, is a fantastic concept to try to wrap your mind around. If Darwin were here today, I’d love to ask his opinion on the matter.

“Folks, it’s time to evolve. That’s why we’re troubled. You know why our institutions are failing us, the church, the state, everything’s failing? It’s because, um–they’re no longer relevant. We’re supposed to keep evolving. Evolution did not end with us growing opposable thumbs. You know that, right?”-Bill Hicks

The Future of Our Cities

Picture The Capitol from The Hunger Games or a futuristic city from Star Wars. What do these have in common? They’re ideal technology-driven communities, focused on efficiency and all-around sic-fi awesomeness. Why can’t we have cities like that?

Well, we’re trying to make those dreams a reality. And we have been trying for awhile at that, though we haven’t quite accomplished it yet. What does it take to make a city of the future, and why can’t we seem to accomplish it?

  1. Songdo, South KoreaOne of the first of it’s kind, Songdo was dreamed up by Park c008028aa88549f20654b30fe9b350d7Yeon Soo in 1986 as a hub for global companies. It’s projected completion date in in 2018, although Soo’s creation has become a futuristic ghost town. 99% of the tenants are Korean, bursting the bubble on the global diversity concept, as well as a lack of companies due to little to no economic incentives. The problem with Songdo is this: it lacks diversity and creativity, built upon ideas from the 80’s that were never updated.
  2. PlanIT Valley, PortugalWith an expected population of 225,000 researchers,
    employees, and their families, PlanIT Valley will be a hub of ideas and innovation. Construction began in 2006 with a completion date of 2016, but after the Portuguese financial crisis in 2011, the finalization date is ambiguous. The visionaries behind this community claim that PlanIT Valley will contain ir conditioners that shut off when you leave a room, apartment units that automatically alert fire companies during emergencies, and cars that gravitate toward empty parking spaces. How? Well, the details haven’t been revealed.
  3. Masdar City, United Arab EmiratesThe concept for Masdar City was born in 2006 as a polestar of eco-friendly companies. With a population of 50,000 people and 1,500 businesses, the city was projected to be a one-of-a-kind city that produced no waste whatsoever. Since then, it has abandoned the original goal of acting as the world’s first zero-carbon city, now planning to reduce waste by 50% of other cities it’s size. It was planned to take eight years to construct, and while the first six buildings were erected by 2010, the new completion date is year 2030. Now, in 2016, Masdar has less than 2,000 employees and it’s only residents are the 300 students of the Masdar Institute.
  4. Konza Techno City, KenyaDubbed the “Silicon Savannah”, by 2030, this residence will have about 200,000 jobs and thousands of employees. Phase one is expected to be completed next year, which involves groundwork and layout finalization, though the visionaries have run into a few hurdles, namely, disputes over claims to the land. So, for now, the project has been postponed.

Smart City Downfall

Things seem a bit bleak right now for a successful, science-fiction-esque city. True, our current cities are extremely modernized and fitted to contain millions, but they are not as efficient as they could be; as efficient as these visionaries want their cities to become.

1024a105c70837e3b7f45b84f03ca2b1The problem with these city plans is that they are discussed as projects between technology providers, engineers, authorities, and universities, not “ordinary people”, who make up the voting population, the tax-paying population, and the majority of the planet. These people aren’t aware of these cities until construction or approval is underway. You cannot appeal to the masses until you broadcast to them. These private investments cannot create broad social, economic, and environmental benefits.

These “purpose-built” cities conflict where designers and dwellers disagree. Although it hasn’t taken off the way many have hoped for, urban history proves that the power of innovation can change the course of life. Digital technology in cities can continue that trend.

A majority of these cities are built on optimism instead of reality. That’s the beauty of the smart city; a vastly advanced society that differs from all others on the planet, constructed from the ground up. Perhaps we need to look at what we have built in our current cities and see what we can do to make them more efficient and self-sustaining.

The Creative Scientific Method

We’re taught in school that math and science are not to be questioned, which, ironically enough, is the exact opposite of actual science–scientists constantly question everything.  But, then again, public school teachers would much rather stick to their district syllabus than explain to a group of ten-year olds to question everything around them, children tend to already do that as it is (which is beautiful, I might add. Adults could take a few notes from kids in that department).

The scope of what we know is broad, but not always deep. Because of this, every now and then, a group of scientists proclaim they’re “close to having it all figured out”, only to fall on their faces a moment later. We most certainly don’t have it all figured out, and that’s ok.

Knowledge vs. Uncertainty

ae53a6e869102a365bf351d363d59771Reality at it’s deepest, most complicated level could be something completely different from what we humans could image or comprehend, but that doesn’t mean we don’t have a good grip on how it behaves through our eyes. As researchers and explorers, we must maintain a balance between believing everything is either fixed truth and acting as if we know nothing; that all of our theories remain up in the air. In order to discover, there must be a basis of fact or knowledge to go on. One person cannot blindly make a discovery, otherwise America would be named after Christopher Columbus, the man who thought he had found a new route to Asia instead of an unmapped continent, as opposed to Amerigo Vespucci, who knew he had made a discovery for the Eastern Hemisphere.

But now, in 2016, with much of the planet mapped out and colonized, we turn our attention to our current questions and concepts that have no answers. Here’s a few:

  •  To know the entire universe without ever leaving it
  • To have completed mathematics
  • To have the brain explain itself entirely
  • To have a complete simulation that can include itself (ex. a computer)

ef4ca1d2a6f96b235b253486f511500fSo, it turns out, there is a creative aspect to science, one we often don’t hear about in school. If, say, our lives are nothing more than a giant fishbowl and we’re the fish, scientists must use ingenuity to create possible scenarios to answer what we don’t know, such as some of the concepts listed above.

What we don’t know one day we could know the next. Luckily for us, humans love discovery as well as the magic of a mystery, thus providing us with many of the tools we need to continue the revelation of previous unknowns.

“Inventions have long since reached their limit, and I see no hope for further development.” -Julius Sextus Frontinus, a highly regarded engineer in Rome, 1st century A.D.

“Improving” Reality

Reality: [noun] the state of things as they actually exist, as opposed to an idealistic or notional idea of them.

According to the Oxford dictionary, we can’t change reality–it’s fixed in place for us. We  can build upon it, add to it, and avoid it, but we cannot change reality itself.

Take a look at this fictional (yet based on real technology) video by Keiichi Matsuda showing an average day in the life of augmented reality https://player.vimeo.com/video/166807261” target=”_blank”>here (I highly recommend watching it. I would’ve put it in this post if I could, but WordPress doesn’t like me today).

PicMonkey Collage

screen shots from Matsuda’s video

Looks like Pixar’s film Wall-E (2008) wasn’t too far from hitting the mark after all. After watching the video, I was a bit stunned, but it no longer seemed like something out of a sic-fi film. Instead, it looked like our future.

The Future of Your Living Room

2a96e3ecf0fc37a8970c86ed82f0aa98Generally speaking, the living room of a house is the designated area for social gathering. Equipped with a couch, a television, maybe some chairs and a coffee table, this household space, though morphing slightly over the years, has generally remained the same. In fact, the last greatest change to the classic living room was most likely the addition of the television, and now, in 2016, we’re about to gain a new groundbreaking addition.

You’ve probably heard the terms “augmented reality” and “virtual reality” tossed around in conversations a few times lately. Articles across the internet have been increasing by the week on these two innovations, although, it’s usually as a competition. Neither AR nor VR are being pitted against each other.

  • Virtual reality: Immerses user in a digital world with simulated people, objects, and surroundings
  • Augmented reality: Adds a layer of 3D content to the user’s pre-existing surroundings

One enhances reality while the other creates it, though both strive to immerse the user.

The main hurdles that both VR and AR have been and continue to deal with are funding for technology, field of view size, and ready-made apps, experiences, and games for all users.

fa1a31d21ac82760f4e76f893636d5c8For most users, the “cool factor” is the content, not so much the technology. The better demo presented to buyers will be dubbed the better technology (which can be a bit of a downer for those coming from a strictly tech-based background).

In 1953, sci-fi writer Ray Bradbury published Fahrenheit 451, a dystopian novel in which citizens are consumed by technology. In the living room of each household were four television screens covering each wall, along with “seashells” (the equivalent to today’s earbuds) to hear audio from the screens. Now, 63 years later, Bradbury’s vision is coming to fruition with the rise in popularity for VR and AR.

By 2025, it’s projected that 500 million headsets for both virtual and augmented reality devices will be sold per year (source). As for this year, the sales for Oculus Rifts, Samsung VRs, and PlayStation VRs will be in the millions as well (continue reading here).

So what does this mean for all of us? Well, for one thing, both AR and VR will become more mainstream in less than 365 days. By this December, who knows what your living room will look like?

Our Solar Neighborhood

“Everything went downhill since Earth was moved from the center of the cosmos.”

Post-Copernicus era, Earth has since moved from the center of everything, later followed by the sun getting pushed out of the center of attention, and then followed by the Milky Way. Update: we’re now a blip. As you know, we’re made up of atoms. The summation of these atoms makes up less than 5% of the total “stuff” out there in the cosmos.

Use Your Brane

d82b0316b28285db52b8ae48b78441ceCould our universe be a membrane floating around in another higher-dimensional universe? There’s a theory out there called “brane world”, in which gravity is free to move between dimensions while we are confined to our 3D universe. Perhaps other dimensions exist all around us. What is our reality made of? Earlier in human history, we thought the world was made from the elements (earth, air, fire, water), and currently, we believe it’s made from subatomic particles and forces. Who knows what the future will bring?

Does the world really exist independently from us? It’s silly to ay that the world is not real, but it is “no less strange” to argue that the world is real. And perhaps the strangest part is to debate any of this at all.Yet, philosophers continue to do so.

The Brane & Realism

Let’s journey under the umbrella of realism. When we think of perception, or, “mind think”, we conjure up son-of-manfantasies and images of unreal stories and information, whereas with realism, we think of, well…real things. But isn’t our perception what is real to us? It might not be how the universe actually is, but how would we know otherwise? This springs the common question:  “Is anything really real?” Maybe, maybe not.

We’re sometimes deceived; even humans aren’t perfect. We need to be able to tell the difference between a rabid bear and a human baby. We need to tell the difference between a pit of lava and a field of grass. Whether we see reality or not, our perception is keeping us alive. Humans have evolved to tell what is true and what is false and how to draw distinctions between the two…or have we? In order to determine what is real, we need to determine the rules of realism. Perhaps it needs to be something we can see. But, we can’t see protons and electrons, yet there is evidence they exist. Perhaps it needs to be something we can comprehend. Yet, newborn babies cannot comprehend language, and yet, it still exists.

Infinite Branes

So, perhaps, the one and only rule of reality is perception. It all comes down to the fact that what has existence is real. So, all of you are alive in my existence, therefore you are all real. Conversely, I am alive in your existence, therefore I too am real. People think about “reality” with a specific meaning. Reality is not this rigid, quantifiable thing; after all, it can’t be just what we see with our eyes. That would mean the blind be not experience reality. Reality is simply, ‘that which is’.